Our study investigates the influence of information and communication technology (ICT) applications at the national level on the efficiency of Islamic banks (IBs) and conventional banks (CBs) operating in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. We analyze data collected from both CBs and IBs...

In an era of unprecedented global challenges, the cultivation, attraction, and retention of original innovation talent have become critical determinants of national competitiveness and sustainable development. This study introduces a novel multi-agent original innovation talent ecosystem model...