The COVID-19 pandemic caused a severe economic shock to which governments responded by announcing large-scale recovery packages with magnitudes unseen before. While some of these policies have been expected to have positive environmental outcomes ("green" policies), most of them have not been...

This paper develops a "plausible worst-case" scenario for Cambodia to illustrate how a severe, 1-in-10-year flood could trigger cascading impacts, including widespread disease outbreaks and financial instability. The analysis shifts from forecasting to risk management, focusing on the economic...

The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) closed with a statement signaling the beginning of the end of the fossil fuel era, a just and equitable transition, deep emissions cuts, and scaled-up finance. Decarbonization and green transition more broadly are recognized as essential to...

Transforming Europe into a climate neutral economy and society by 2050 requires extraordinary efforts and the mobilisation of all sectors and economic actors, coupled with all the creative and brain power one can imagine. Each sector has to fundamentally rethink the way it operates to ensure it...

This report, commissioned by the European Commission (DG CLIMA), develops and analyses novel policy options aimed at a shift to low-carbon mobility helping to decarbonise the transport sector in line with the recommended EU 2040 climate target, which seeks a 90% reduction in net greenhouse gas...