This paper examines the impact of North-South trade, education, governance and North-South distance, on technology … Great Recession (1976-2007). Findings are: i) TFP rises with education, trade, governance (ETG) and imports’ R&D content … accounting for its TFP gap with East Asia; iii) the impact of the education gap equals the sum of the governance and openness …

). At least some of these health-related differences can be causally attributed to the mother's education. Social … differences are already reflected in the health of newborn babies: mothers with a higher level of education are less likely to …

This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Turkey, using the 2017 Household Labor … Force Survey and alternative methodologies. The analysis uses the 1997 education reform of increasing compulsory education … by three years as an instrument. This results in a private rate of return on the order of 16 percent for higher education …