This paper examines whether the level of reserves in emerging market countries has become excessive. It presents a discussion of "adequacy" versus "excessive" levels of reserves, and presents calculations of reserve adequacy for a large number of emerging market countries. Two categories of...

Social protection is the first axis of the Regional Agenda for Inclusive Social Development, which was recently adopted at the third session of the Regional Conference on Social Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, held in Mexico City in October 2019. This Agenda, through which the...

This study by the Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean presents a review and analysis of the processes of drawing up the gender equality plans now in place in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Since they were first developed in the 1990s and, more particularly,...

Women constitute the majority of the older adult population, but, with some exceptions, they are underrepresented among pension recipients. Although progress has been made in the region with regard to women’s inclusion in non-contributory pension programmes, these pension payments are lower...