Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in how multinational corporations (MNCs) can enter the base of the pyramid (BoP) market (London and Hart, 2004, Schuster and Holtbrügge, 2012, Tasavori et al., 2014, Dey et al., 2013). The BoP is composed of 1.4 billion people who earn...

The relationship between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and governments has evolved over time, from a period of conflict after World War II to a more cooperative relationship in the 1970s and 1980s (Dunning, 1993). In the 1990s, many host governments sought foreign direct investments (FDIs) by...