Purpose: It is worth mentioning that mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have become a popular vehicle for emerging-markets firms to rapidly access new opportunities and market capabilities. Indeed, privatization and multi-nationalization have given a greater shore up in raising global and domestic...

Many interdisciplinary studies of the 2007–2008 global financial crisis examine the causes of crisis, corporate governance and firm value, stock market efficiency, new firm registration, macroeconomic performance, and compare this crisis to previous crises. However, we do not find conceptual...