The isolation of national telecommunications markets in the past has meant that pronounced differences remain among the R&D systems operating in the countries of the European Community. The intended opening up of public procurement markets by the end of 1992 could therefore lead to substantial...

We study the determinants and productivity effects of regional transportation infrastructure investment in France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. We estimate productivity effects with regional production functions for each country controlling for the potential endogeneity of public infrastructure...

This study argues that increasing malinvestment in an economy raises the actual credit risk but not the calculated credit risk until the onset of a recession. To this end, I analyse the relationship between credit risk and malinvestment in Germany, Spain, and Italy using a credit risk indicator...

The paper analyzes Information Technology (IT) governance disclosure on a sample of the major 20 EU banks (from Italy, Germany, France and Spain) to observe if, how and where banks report on their IT governance issues. Since IT governance (like other aspects of banking business) can be...

Background: Health Technology Assessments (HTA) procedures differ substantially across the various European countries. We reviewed recent appraisals of a pharmaceutical manufacturer in three major European markets (France; Italy; Germany) and identified and categorized related decision drivers....

Background: Albumin is frequently prescribed in cirrhotic patients with acute decompensation. However, the true cost effectiveness of albumin use in cirrhotic patients is still under debate. Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of albumin in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis in...