output growth. Some claim that export performance depends only on nonprice competition and the RER is irrelevant to long …-run growth, whereas others argue that the RER is a key variable for promoting long-run economic development. Neither extreme view … growth, but subject to numerous qualifications. For example, RER effects on exports differ by type of goods exported, while …

cover pandemics have a change in trend and persistence in growth, and in level and persistence in unemployment. We find that … there is an upward trend in the persistence level of growth across centuries. In particular, shocks originated by pandemics … in recent times seem to have a permanent effect on growth. Moreover, our results show that the unemployment rate …

In this paper, we analyze the relationship between nominal and real GDP growth for G7 countries for the period 1971 … between nominal and real GDP growth rates changes from a positive one to a flat one. Moreover, the volatility of real growth … is observed to be higher at high rates of nominal GDP growth. We first test for the presence of a two regime non …

different sectoral productivity growth rates. The model is capable of theoretically replicating the dynamics of structural …