The wage-dependence of the Public Health Insurance (PHI) as well as the somewhat inconsistent parallel coverage via PHI and private health insurance constitute drawbacks of the present health care revenue system, leading to undesirable distributional and allocative patterns and disadvantages in...

This analysis shows that hardship and not hardship cases respectively reject clear differences both at the demand and at the expenditures for pharmaceuticals financed by the statutory health insurance. Hardship cases without exemption regulations would be burden therefore by enormous...

Im Jahre 1999 betrugen die GKV-Ausgaben für apothekenpflichtige Arzneimittel im Rezept DM 36,15 Mrd. Der Vertriebskostenanteil in Form der Apothekenbetriebsspanne betrug 27,3 % des Bruttoumsatzes. Die Leistungsausgaben der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen im Rahmen des Versorgungsauftrages für...

The law for the Modernisation of the Social Health Insurance System 2003 ("GKV-Modernisierungsgesetz – GMG" 2003) provides, among other measures, for a noticeable increase in co-payments and also for a reduction of possibilities for claiming exemptions from co-payments. Against this backdrop,...

Recently several experts have proposed to replace the existing social health insurance revenue system by income-independent per capita contributions. Therefore the authors of this paper present different estimates for alternative forms of per capita contributions. The next step of the analysis...