In the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have, among other measures, mandated the use of COVID certificates to prove vaccination, recovery or a recent negative test, and have required individuals to show certificates to access shops, restaurants, and education or workplaces. While arguments for and...

Contents: 1. Das Deutsch-Französische Wirtschaftspolitische Forum...1 -- 2. Opening Address, Dominique Strauss-Kahn...2 -- 3. Does EMU Need an Employment Pact? - Klaus-Werner Schatz, Institute of World Economics, Kiel...3 -- 4. Is the Stability Pact an Efficient Agreement? - Patrick Artus,...

The answer to competition from emerging countries with low wage costs must be very different according to the affected sector. We need to draw a distinction between manufacturing industry and services that can be relocated and other sectors: consumer services, retail, construction, most business...

The paper first compares the monetary and exchange-rate policies conducted in the CEECs and by one of the neighbouring countries of the United States (Mexico). It is shown that Mexico has implemented reasonably expansionary policies, boosting production while avoiding financial imbalances and...

Countries experiencing excessive inflation can use either a reduction in the growth rate of money supply (disinflation using monetary policy) or a stabilization of the exchange rate (disinflation using the exchange rate policy). In the past, the first choice proved better than the second, which...