Rapid economic growth is often disruptive - so how has the Chinese state been able to maintain compliance from its people while pursuing an exceptionally fast social and economic transformation? This crucial question is explored through detailed analysis of the trajectories, policy rationale,...

This paper investigates the relationship between economy-wide policies and the performance of investment projects in education and health sectors. The model highlights the fact that the production of human capital requires an interaction of the demand for and supply of social services, both are...

Using Growth at Risk as a measure of downside growth risk, the authors find that higher perceived levels of downside growth risk seem to be negatively associated with long-term growth. Output collapses and crises are a fact of life. Severe economic downturns occur periodically and have grave...

Equal access to education is a basic human right. But in many countries gaps in education between various groups are staggering. An education Gini index - a new indicator for the distribution of human capital and welfare - facilitates comparison of education inequality across countries and over...

Human, natural, and physical capital assets are a country's main resources for growth and welfare improvements. Their distribution, growth and productivity largely determine people's income and welfare. The poor rely on human and natural capital in addition to physical capital, so the...

This paper examines China and Africa co-operation from the angle of structural transformation as a major driver of growth and job creation. Being a bit ahead in the structural transformation process, China can provide ideas, tacit knowledge, opportunities as well as development finances in...

"The process of development is full of uncertainties, especially if it is a process of transition from a planned economy to a market oriented one. Because of uncertainties and country specificity, development must be a process of learning, selective adaptation, and industrial upgrading. This...