Suppose that a target function is monotonic, namely weakly increasing, and an original estimate of this target function is available, which is not weakly increasing. Many common estimation methods used in statistics produce such estimates. We show that these estimates can always be improved with...

This paper gives identification and estimation results for quantile and average effects in nonseparable panel models, when the distribution of period specific disturbances does not vary over time. Bounds are given for interesting effects with discrete regressors that are strictly exogenous or...