This paper discusses the proposals for a tabular standard in the late 19th and early 20th century, as the gold standard unraveled. In particular, we focus on Keynes' use of the tabular standard in his own international monetary proposals and consider how sympathetic he was to this idea of...

Agent-based economics, and more generally agent-based social sciences, have been around in various forms for over 30 years. The advent of higher speed computing and new tools for the computational learning fields led to a major increase in activity in the early 1990s through today. Research...

The humanitarian sector has gone through a major shift toward injection of cash into vulnerable communities as its core modality. On this trajectory toward direct currency injection, something new has happened: namely the empowerment of communities to create their own local currencies, a tool...

Despite globalization, liberalized trade and growing global income, billions of people are underemployed and condemned to life-long poverty. Over two thirds of the world’s poor reside in rural regions. Inequality in living standards between developed and developing regions remains a major...

Do government budget deficits raise interest rates and thus “crowd out” private investment? This question has been the topic of a multitude of empirical studies, which proposed to evaluate the impact of financing government activity. We survey the theory and some empirical results....

This proposal argues in favor of commodity price stabilization via international commodity buffer stocks and the tying of these stocks to the creation of a new international reserve currency. Financing commodity buffer stocks through the issuance of an international reserve makes commodity price...

The humanitarian sector has gone through a major shift toward injection of cash into vulnerable communities as its core modality. On this trajectory toward direct currency injection, something new has happened: namely the empowerment of communities to create their own local currencies, a tool...