The purpose of this paper is to address two issues. It defines the appropriate role played by institutions in the financial sector and focuses on the role of risk management in firms that use their own balance sheets to provide financial products. A key objective is to explain when risks are...

Employee stock options (ESOs) are used by many corporations as a major part of their compensation programs. Expensing issued ESOs on the grant date is now mandated in FAS 123 (R). The SEC's specific measurement objective for disclosure is to estimate an ESO grant's expense to the granting...

This paper estimates the price for restructuring risk in the U.S. corporate bond market during 1999-2005. Comparing quotes from default swap (CDS) contracts with a restructuring event and without, we find that the average premium for restructuring risk represents 6% to 8% of the swap rate...

A constrained informationally efficient market is defined to be one whose price process arises as the outcome of some equilibrium where agents face restrictions on trade. This paper investigates the case of short sale constraints, a setting which despite its simplicity, generates new insights....

This paper derives an equilibrium asset pricing model with liquidity risk. Liquidity risk is modeled as a stochastic quantity impact on the price from trading, where the size of the impact depends on trade size. Under a mild set of assumptions, we prove that an equilibrium price process exists...

This paper derives an equilibrium capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in a market with trading constraints and asset price bubbles. The asset price processes are general semimartingales including Markov jump-diffusion processes as special cases, and the trading constraints considered include...

In models of financial bubbles, the price of a stock is a priori typically unbounded, and this plays a fundamental role in the analysis of finite horizon local martingale bubbles. It would seem that price bubbles do not apply to bounded risky asset prices, such as bond prices. To avoid this...

We develop a dynamic simulation model for residential home prices in an economy where defaults on residential mortgages negatively affect housing prices and aggregate income. This simulation model enables us to study the impact of subprime defaults on prime borrowers and the impact of various...