This paper considers endogenous technological changes of inputs from labor to capital in operations of a production process, i.e., a kind of mechanization of the production process. While retaining the property of decreasing returns in capital, we can show that because of complementary...

This paper develops a model that explores automation and unemployment through job availability. In our model, workers differ in terms of their suitability for tasks. Depending on their task suitability, automation leads to either positive or negative effects on their job matching. Each worker...

This study explores automation and employment in a task-based model. Each worker has her own likelihood of job mismatch, represented as her individual mismatch probability (IMP). Her IMP depends on the level of automation and her ability, represented as the number of her unsuitable tasks. The...

The aim of this study is to connect two approaches that examine automation. The first uses a task-based model, while the second uses a variant of the canonical constant-elasticity-of-substitution (CES) production function. We employ a task-based model and derive a neoclassical production...

This paper analyzes the technical change characterized by replacing labor with machinery in the production process. Generally, this type of technical change does not alter total factor productivity (TFP). Meanwhile, there exists a complementary relationship between the technical change and...

This study considers uncertainty about the number of surviving children. Under prohibition of child labor, a higher survival probability of a child can increase opportunities for education investment as the fertility rate declines with a temporary increase in the number of surviving children....

This paper presents a model of technical change that combines two lines of research together. It is a task based model, in which automation turns labor tasks to mechanized ones, and there is also a continuous addition of new labor tasks, as in the expanding variety literature. We impose three...

This study investigates worker productivity in a multiple-task environment. We consider workers with the same education level while their suitability patterns for tasks differ. Under no change in tasks for which they are responsible for, there is no difference in their productivity. If...

This study investigates the labor market under increased automation of middle-skilled jobs wherein worker suitability for these jobs is considered. We examine two effects of increased automation on workers. The first effect is the possibility of replacement of middle-skilled workers by machines....