How do sustainable development and responsible business conduct interact within international investment law? An analysis of over 2,100 IIAs and 1,100 treaty-based arbitration documents shows which IIAs refer to these concepts, how they relate to other IIA provisions and to what extent...

Investment treaty law is a crucial but complex basis for regulating international investment flows. The treaty network and related dispute settlement procedures are currently coming under criticism for a variety of reasons, including on whether they adequately support sustainable development in...

The starting point of the qualification of the social economy (SE) is that all definitions of the SE underline the primacy of the social purpose over the economic activity. This is especially shown in the empirical features which are typical of the structures and operation of the social economy...

The last decade has seen a growing interest in the measurement of the impact and performance of social and solidarity economy (SSE) organizations. This has been fuelled, among other things, by the rapid growth of the importance given to social enterprise, social entrepreneurship and impact...

Research and technology organizations (RTOs) are studied in the innovation policy literature mainly as providers of R&D services and as intermediaries between universities and the private sector. Through the case of the Institut National d'Optique (INO), Canada's leading RTO in the optics and...