In this article we test for unit root in real exchange rates during the recent floating exchange rate period. In doing so, we use the unit root tests proposed by Bierens (1997a) and Bierens (1997b) that have drift hypothesis against a very general trend stationarity hypothesis, namely the...

We focus on the existence of bubbles in fan tokens, utilizing the Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (SADF) and Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF) tests. We use daily closing prices of the top 20 fan tokens according to their market capitalization, along with Bitcoin, Ethereum,...