Current debates on the social returns of Intellectual Property Right (IPR) systems deal with the presumed negative effects of two practices: IPR bundling and the strong concentration of IPRs in certain firms and industries. These debates are hampered by the lack of empirical evidence on IPR...

Over the past decades, firms have constantly struggled to deal effectively with their rapidly changing environment. Especially in high tech industries, costs of R&D have rocketed, whereas steep learning curves and ever shortening product and technology life cycles have reduced the time to recoup...

This paper examines the speed and its determinants of technological learning of licensing firms in developing countries. There is a wealth of research on technological learning in developing countries, but few scholars have clearly addressed the issue learning time in an empirical way. This...

Firm heterogeneity lies at the heart of the resource-based view of the firm in explaining a firm’s innovation success. However, these studies focus on one or two limited perspectives of heterogeneity and more or less neglect the different learning mechanisms by which heterogeneous resources...

This paper investigates the impact of open innovation on national systems of innovation. The open innovation concept has become widely established among scholars and practitioners following publication of the seminal work by Chesbrough (2003). However, an overview of its impact on national...

Firms need to innovate and develop dynamic capabilities to create a sustainable competitive advantage. Due to this pressure, firms in high-tech industries invest a high percentage of their revenues in innovation. Despite the vast amount of available innovation success stories, only one in five...

resources to cope with issues that arise in the various stages of the innovation process. These are often lacking in private family small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Such firms usually do not possess the required diversity of in-house resources and expertise, which makes it...

Open Innovation (OI) is an approach which describes a purposive attempt to draw together knowledge from different contributors to develop and exploit innovation. It has become clear that OI directly benefits organisations' economic performance and resilience, but researchers, practitioners, and...