Agricultural trade protection has been common in most industrialized nations for the last decades. While economic inefficiency of trade protection policy has been argued, the assertion may not hold if institutions functioning in economic equilibrium are appropriately recognized. Becker proposes...

Complications arise in the estimation of welfare changes in vertically and horizontally linked markets when technology affects production. Past research has dealt with these complications using single-equation models and dual approaches. We briefly discuss some of the limitations of these...

This paper proposes an analytical framework to examine the market and welfare impacts of GMOs, when some consumers refuse genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and when two supply channels are segregated (one for goods that containing GMOs and one for non-genetically-modified identity-preserved...

It is well recognized that the statistical reliability of the conventional method of estimating the effects of technological change on producer welfare is often quite poor. I present a method that enhances the statistical reliability of such estimates. I emphasize that when measuring the welfare...

To address the question, "Should we expect government policy to be efficient?" at its roots, I modify the well-known Arrow-Debreu private ownership economy, allowing property rights to be violable. The result is that equilibria tend to be Pareto inefficient.

Our purpose is to present in detail numerical methods of measuring the value of nonmarket goods using market data, under either weak neutrality, weak complementarity, or any other preference restriction meeting the requirements discussed in this paper. It has been claimed in a number of places...

The purpose of this paper is to develop the methodology that allows the inclusion of a technology variable in multi-market welfare models. We compare the price induced welfare effects obtained from a multimarket technology-inclusive model, a multimarket technology-exclusive model and a...

We combine theory with numerical integration methods to show that for any form of uncompensated supply, compensating variation of a change in higher moments of an output price distribution can be numerically derived.

This paper gives a general mathematical definition of an institution, and presents an explicit formal method by which to incorporate institutions in a standard general equilibrium model. We illustrate our concept using a modified Prisoner's dilemma game in which property rights over natural...

We survey grain and soybean handlers and producers in the U.S. and EU to estimate costs of preserving the identities of GMO and non-GMO crops in marketing channels. We introduce our estimates into the IFPRI IMPACT model to simulate the effects of identity preservation on farm incomes and...