Ιmplicit pension debt is attracting increasing attention worldwide as a driver of fiscal dynamics, operating in parallel to the (explicit) National Debt. A prudent examination of a state's fiscal prospects should ideally encompass both, with due attention paid to the special features of each...

Many countries around the world are resorting to mandatory funded components in their multi-pillar pension systems with the purpose of catering for the financial pressure from ageing. This paper aims at analysing the possible replacement rates for such a scheme, by choosing different assumptions...

It is an empirical fact that women in most, though not all, developed countries receive lower pensions than men. That observation is confirmed in the form of a statistical generalisation, rather than a rule across the EU member states. It is also true to say, though perhaps with less confidence,...

We develop a scale of severity of violence against women based on fuzzy set theory. The scale can be used to derive fuzzy indexes of violence which account for the prevalence, frequency and severity of violence. Using the results of the survey conducted by the European Agency for Human Rights...

We revisit the issue of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during the COVID-19 pandemic asking three questions: whether IPV increased with lockdown, what pandemic-specific 'shocks' or 'stressors' had the greatest impact and how the results change when different measures of IPV are used. Leveraging...