This article offers an unsponsored examination of current disputes whether national regulatory authorities ("NRAs") should permit broadband carriers and content providers, such as Facebook, to subsidize broadband access to a limited, "walled garden" of content. The subsidy makes it possible for...

The Internet increasingly provides an alternative distribution medium for video and other types of high value, bandwidth intensive content. Many consumers have become “technology agnostic” about what kind of wireline or wireless medium provides service. However, they expect carriers to offer...

This paper examines the dramatic changes in interconnection and compensation agreements between content providers and carriers resulting from increasing use of the Internet for bandwidth intensive carriage of video. It identifies two emerging models: 1) interconnection and compensation...

As the Internet has evolved and diversified, interconnection terms and conditions have changed between Internet Service Providers (“ISPs”). These carriers experiment with alternatives to conventional models that classify interconnection as either peering or transiting. The former typically...

Even before national governments reach consensus on frequencies for the fifth generation (“5G”) of wireless radio, carriers and equipment manufacturers in the United States tout benefits and scramble to accelerate ready for service dates. Remarkably, most nations meeting a forum organized by...

This paper will provide a straightforward explanation of what constitutes network neutrality and why a debate has arisen about whether governments need to establish rules mandating nondiscrimination. The paper will identify what types of price and quality of service discrimination represent...

This paper assesses whether and how ISPs can offer service enhancements for particular types of traffic and customers without harming competition among content creators and distributors. The paper will use the recent paid peering agreement between Netflix and Comcast as a case study. The paper...