In preparation to a potential disaster, cooperation between relief organizations and enterprises is important. Through a suitable framework agreement (FA), relief organizations can reduce a large amount of inventory cost and decrease the social cost (i.e., the sum of deprivation cost and...

Performance evaluation for universities or research institutions has become a hot topic in recent years. However, the previous works rarely investigate the multiple departments’ performance of a university, and especially, none of them consider the non-homogeneity among the universities’...

We consider a supply chain in which an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) procures a key component from a supplier. We consider an ingredient branding strategy under which the supplier and the OEM form a brand alliance. Specifically, the supplier invests in ingredient branding to build up her...