Using the non parametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) this paper examines the input and output efficiencies of the Indian pharmaceutical firms for the period 1991 to 2005.

This paper examines the technical efficiency, technological gap ratio (TGR) and productivity change of Indian pharmaceutical firms across different groups. The groups are formed based on their size, strategies and product varieties. The study indicates that vertically integrated firms that...

This paper examines the competitiveness of Indian pharmaceutical firms by computing their technical efficiency for the period 1991 to 2005 using the non–parametric approach of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The analysis establishes that even though the output efficiency levels of firms...

In this paper, we propose a connection model for formation of networks having both positive and negative links. We define utility functions of a node and hence of a network by using balanced and unbalanced triads in the network. Further, using those utility functions we define strongly efficient...

This paper highlights the inequality in financial penetration and usage in India, based on macro level data, and shows how certain regions, such as the Northeastern or Eastern of the country need special attention by the policy makers. Credit schemes need to be formalized so that the weaker...

IT industry has shown phenomenal growth in the city of Bangalore which has changed the very nature of the city. Large migration to the city also has created several environmental problems. Because of growth of this industry in selected pockets income inequality in the state is also on the rise...

This paper examines nature and extent of farmers’ indebtedness in India using unit record data from NSSO 59th round, and provided a comparative picture of major Indian states. It shows using data from rice cultivating farmers that productivity of small farmers is not only higher than the...

Income-generating activities performed by women are an effective way to reduce gender deprivations and disparities. In the constrained familial and community settings of developing economies, the online platform can be an appropriate means for women to carry out economic activities. In this...

Financial inclusion (FI) for vulnerable populations, such as women, is critical for achieving gender equality, women's empowerment, and thereby inclusive growth. In this regard, the use of digital financial services is of particular significance for women as it allows them easier access to...