We outline a novel approach to calculate exact p-levels for two-sample randomization tests. The approach closely resembles permute in its applications, with the main difference being that the results are approximated only if the execution time needed to calculate exact p-levels would exceed a...

Little is known about producers' willingness to use manure. Past studies have focused on substitutability for fertilizers. We surveyed crop producers in a cattle-dense region of the Colorado Plains about whether and why they apply manure, focusing on how pressures (like owning cattle) or...