This article describes and generalizes a validation study of four commercially available personal financial planning expert systems and the rationale for the research methodology used. Our evaluation of these systems adds to the understanding of verification and validation issues related to case...

This paper examines factors explaining the underutilization of capacity observed in prior capacity studies. The paper expands previous works in capacity theory by including improved empirical measures for several variables and by explicitly considering reinsurance effects. Two separate estimates...

Retiring babyboomers are driving a shift from retirement-fund accumulation to decumulation, but they need better choices to protect against longevity risk. The author says to enhance retirees' options, policy reforms should level the playing field for annuity products and promote market-driven...

A comprehensive personal financial plan prepared by a professional planner costs from $2,000 to $20,000 even when conventional computer software is use. A plan prepared by an expert system costs from $200 to $500 if no professional planner is involved. Because these systems can produce many...

A comprehensive personal financial plan prepared by a professional planner costs from $2,000 to $20,000 even when conventional computer software is used. A plan prepared by an expert system costs from $200 to $500 if no professional planner is involved. Because these systems can produce many...

This paper identifies the risk and risk-adjusted return determinants of US insurers. We find that the significant firm-specific determinants for risk and risk-adjusted return vary slightly for the risk proxy and risk-adjusted return proxy used, and the types of insurers. We find that in general,...

Several proposals have surfaced recently that government develop and offer some sort of voluntary pension plan (VPP). This paper examines areas of public policy on pensions where changes should take place with or without the development of a VPP, including those that promote greater...