We analyze the link between firms' access to finance and their decisions to enter and exit the export market. We employ the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) conducted in 2005 and 2008-2009 to 28 countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We find that more...

We analyze the link between firms’ access to finance and their decisions to enter and exit the export market. We employ the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) conducted in 2005 and 2008-2009 to 28 countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We find that more...

The purpose of this document is to inform Bank staff and other interested parties about recent developments in integration and trade among the countries of the Western Hemisphere and between these and other countries and world regions.

The purpose of this document is to inform Bank staff and other interested parties about recent developments in integration and trade among the countries of the Western Hemisphere and between these and other countries and world regions.

Die Berechnung des Produktionspotentials nach der Kommissionsmethodea beruht auf einer Cobb-Douglas-Produktionsfunktion mit den Produktionsfaktoren Arbeit und Kapital, wobei abnehmende partielle Grenzproduktivitäten unterstellt werden. Die dritte Komponente der Cobb-Douglas-Produktionsfunktion...

In jüngster Zeit ist deutlich geworden, dass Griechenland trotz der Finanzhilfen durch den IWF und die EU seinen finanziellen Verpflichtungen nur schwer nachkommen kann. Außerdem wird bezweifelt, dass die griechische Regierung die ausgehandelten Auflagen vollständig erfüllt, sodass...

Im Verlauf der vergangenen Jahre sind die Nettokapitalimporte der Schwellenländer stark gestiegen. Dabei sind die Zuflüsse sowohl struktureller als auch zyklischer Natur. Strukturell haben sich die makroökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen mit inzwischen zumeist solide Staatsfinanzen, hohen...

Since Nobel Peace Laureate Muhammad Yunus first began launching joint ventures with multinational corporations (MNCs) in Bangladesh, his social business concept has received international attention. What's the meaning of social business? What can it contribute to poverty reduction, and how does...

At the turn of the year 2012/2013 the Eurogroup and the European Commission heralded the message that the worst crisis in Greece would be over. According to this message, the Greek government had delivered the promised steps of structural and fiscal reforms and had agreed with a tough timetable...

[A new chapter of the Greek crisis?] Already at the turn of the year 2012/2013 the Eurogroup and the European Commission heralded the message that the worst crisis in Greece would be over. According to this message, the Greek government had delivered the promised steps of structural and fiscal...