This study reveals the level of overall, individual and pairwise integration among Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), China, Japan and Korea (+3 countries) based on the real and financial aspects. The findings are as follows: First, ASEAN +3 countries experience a declining...

The results of our empirical investigation indicate that, on average, corporate governance features in the 80 largest oil and gas companies around the world have changed considerably in the wake of the landmark case of Enron and the 2008 global financial crisis. Both listed non-U.S. firms and...

This study documents a significant negative relationship between policy uncertainty and venture capital (VC) investment in startups across emerging venture capital markets (i.e., outside the United States). The adverse effect of policy uncertainty is exacerbated for younger and early-stage...

We examine the effect of board members with venture capital experience (i.e., VC directors) on executive incentives at non-VC-backed public firms. VC directors serving on the compensation committee are associated with greater CEO risk-taking incentives (i.e., vega) and pay-for-performance...

We examine the effect of board members with venture capital experience (i.e., VC directors) on executive incentives at publicly listed firms. VC directors serving on the compensation committee are associated with greater CEO risk-taking incentives (i.e., vega) and greater pay-for-performance...

We argue that the effectiveness of aligning incentives through greed and fear reductions cannot be examined independent of the relational context molded by trust and time horizon. We propose that trust and time horizon jointly give rise to apprehension and temptation, which in turn generate...

Researchers agree that both, a higher level of trust and a longer time horizon, increase the odds of successful collaboration. But research efforts to date have focused more on charting the territory of each construct rather than on integrating the two. We hypothesize that the trustor's time...

We argue that neither trust-based nor time horizon-based view of relational governance alone is sufficient to grasp the holistic notion of ongoing-social ties that characterized most relationships. The central thesis of this paper is that the effectiveness of aligning incentives through Greed...

We propose that formal and informal enforcement mechanisms have a substituting as well as complementing effect. Building on the literature on cooperation in the provision F public good, we argue that the effectiveness of punishment vs. protection as a formal mechanism hinges on the extent to...

This paper argues that formal and informal enforcement mechanisms not only substitute but also complement each other in fostering cooperation. Our central tenet is that whether protection or punishment is the more effective formal mechanism to promote cooperation hinges on the configuration of...