characterized by coordinates on some "basic" spherical surface. The basic "air" distance between them can thus be identified … distances from the centre of the sphere. Thus connections longer or shorter than the basic distance are to be found on an other … the distance is due to a "roundabout" connection or to the low speed parameters etc. It is thus possible to dodge the …

currently ship in single trailer truckload quantities. Annual lane volume, lane distance, and annual lane ton-mileage appeared …

-whereby the costs decrease with increasing distance. Historical data is also used to calculate the expected economic damage caused …

geographic distance and increase in the degree of trade integration with the war site. For very distant countries, output …

according to two characteristics: the distance between two locations and the endogenous firm decision to invest in … transportation. A simulation exercise reveals that ignoring the effect of the investment decision on transport costs biases empirical …. Our estimation results confirm that transport prices are influenced by both the distance and the level of exports between …

to capture scale as distance in terms of territorial, cognitive, and affective distance. The spatial perspective brings …

distance and of neighbors' degree. Consequently, we introduce a framework that can be seen as a degree …