Firms’ bankruptcy is a problem not only related to companies but also affects social welfare. Analysing a matched sample of bankrupt and healthy unlisted companies from a code law institutional setting (Spain), this paper has three main objectives: it aims to demonstrate that bankrupt firms...

The external audit report is a guarantee of financial information reliability that companies provide to the market for stakeholders' decisions. However, some firms did not disclose relevant information on company risks for users due to managers' pressure. Few years ago, auditors of listed...

Despite the number of studies on bankruptcy prediction using financial ratios, very little is known about how external audit information can contribute to anticipating financial distress. A handful of papers have shown that a combination of ratios and audit data is significant for predictive...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether firms' reporting delays are interconnected with bankruptcy risk and its financial determinants. This study was based on 698,189 firm-year observations from Estonia. Annual report submission delay, either in a binary or ordinal form, was used as...

Managers are, by law, responsible for the timely disclosure of financial information through annual reports, but despite that, it is usual that they are engaged in the unethical behaviour of not meeting the submission deadlines set in law. This paper sheds light on the afore-given issue by...

According to the occupational socialization theory, gender differences disappear among employees within the same work environment. Prior research has investigated gender differences in financial reporting, risk management and auditing decision, providing mixed evidence. This paper examines the...

The external audit report is a guarantee of financial information reliability that companies provide to the market for stakeholders' decisions. However, some firms did not disclose relevant information on company risks for users due to managers' pressure. Few years ago, auditors of listed...

Despite the number of studies on bankruptcy prediction using financial ratios, very little is known about how external audit information can contribute to anticipating financial distress. A handful of papers have shown that a combination of ratios and audit data is significant for predictive...

Managers are, by law, responsible for the timely disclosure of financial information through annual reports, but despite that, it is usual that they are engaged in the unethical behaviour of not meeting the submission deadlines set in law. This paper sheds light on the afore-given issue by...

The aim of this study was to investigate whether firms’ reporting delays are interconnected with bankruptcy risk and its financial determinants. This study was based on 698,189 firm-year observations from Estonia. Annual report submission delay, either in a binary or ordinal form, was used as...