For a tolled highway where consecutive sections allow vehicles enter and exit unrestrictedly, we propose a simple toll pricing method. We show that the method is the unique method that satisfies the properties of Transit-proofness (No Merging or Splitting) and Cost Recovery. The...

This paper examines self-enforcing International Environmental Agreements (IEAs) in an open economy environment. Using an extended model of Barrett (1994), we show that: (i) equilibrium tariff is positive; (ii) the endogenously determined size and the effectiveness of an multilateral IEA are the...

This article examines the relationship between cost reduction and public goods effect of research joint ventures (RJVs) and strategic entry deterrence. R&D is process innovation à laKamien, Muller and Zang (1992) and R&D cost sharing between the incumbent and the entrant in a RJV can be...

A set of well-known and new rank equalities for orthogonal projectors are presented. A variety of consequences for orthogonal projectors, especially for the commutativity of two orthogonal projectors, are also derived

Necessary and sufficient conditions are determined for the set inclusionsto hold for generalized inverses of matrix products through some rank formulas for the maximal and minimal ranks of a Schur complement − . Several consequences and applications of these results are also presented. In...

The maximal and minimal ranks of the quadratic matrix expression – ( – )( – ) with respect to and are presented. As applications, the maximal and minimal ranks of the Schur complement with respect to a reflexive generalized inverse of matrix and their various consequences are also considered

A matrix is called an outer inverse for a matrix if = . In this paper, we present some new rank equalities related to outer inverses of matrices, and apply them to characterize various equalities for Moore-Penrose inverses, Drazin inverses and weighted Moore-Penrose inverses of matrices. In...

A polluted river network is populated with agents (e.g., firms, villages, municipalities, or countries) located upstream and downstream. This river network must be cleaned, the costs of which must be shared among the agents. We model this problem as a cost sharing problem on a tree network....

This paper develops a signaling theory where brain drain as well as the opposite of brain drain, a phenomenon we call “lame-drain” can result. In particular, we assume there are three types of agents according to their intrinsic abilities; education (with endogenous intensity) consists of...