The largest contributor to environmental deterioration, the carbon footprint, arises from excessive fossil fuel consumption. Meanwhile, international experts note that despite the positive dynamics in the issue of making commitments to carbon-zero targets, most companies around the globe do not...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate management decisions via option contracts in a two-stage supply chain in which a fresh produce supplier sells to a retailer, considering the circulation loss of the fresh produce. Design/methodology/approach: Authors propose a Stackelberg...

Infrastructure construction is one of the basic driving forces of social and economic development. Since 1978, the construction of infrastructure in the People's Republic of China (PRC) has experienced rapid development, which has given a strong impetus to the PRC's modernization. But behind the...

Autonomous driving (AV) technology has elicited discussion on social dilemmas where trade-offs between individual preferences, social norms, and collective interests may impact road safety and efficiency. In this study, we aim to identify whether social dilemmas exist in AVs' sequential decision...

Mean-field games (MFGs) are developed to model the decision-making processes of a large number of interacting agents in multi-agent systems. This paper studies mean-field games on graphs (𝒢-MFGs). The equilibria of 𝒢-MFGs, namely, mean-field equilibria (MFE), are challenging to solve for...

Understanding the composition of the bond return is always a popular topic in the financial markets. There are various factors that influence the bond returns. Therefore, a precise prediction of the bond returns is still under discussion. This paper is enlightened by the papers of Ilmanen (1995,...

On the basis of studying influence of means of transportation on urban distribution and form, this paper focuses on influence of highway on modern urban areas. Results show that construction of highway accelerates urbanization, forms organic traffic network connecting large, medium and small...

The asymptotic theory for the memory parameter estimator constructed from the log-regression with wavelets is incomplete for 1/f processes that are not necessarily Gaussian or linear. Such a theory is necessary due to the importance of non-Gaussian and non-linear long memory models in describing...