This study analyzes various measures of the downside beta of stocks. Downside beta is sometimes defined and estimated in different ways. Theoretically, an approach based on the mean-semi-variance equilibrium model appears superior. Two known alternative approaches are not consistent with the...

Downside risk, when properly defined and estimated, helps to explain the cross-section of US stock returns. Sorting stocks by a proper estimate of downside market beta leads to a substantially larger cross-sectional spread in average returns than sorting on regular market beta. This result...

The value premium substantially reduces for downside risk averse investors with a substantial fixed income exposure, such as insurance companies and pension funds. Growth stocks are attractive to these investors because they offer a good hedge against a bad bond performance. This result holds...

The mean-semivariance CAPM strongly outperforms the traditional mean-variance CAPM in terms of its ability to explain the cross-section of US stock returns. If regular beta is replaced by downside beta, the traditional risk-return relationship is restored. The downside betas of low-beta stocks...

This study compares the single-factor CAPM with the Fama and French three-factor model and the Carhart four-factor model using a broad cross-section and long time-series of US stock portfolios and controlling for market capitalization. Confirming known results, multiple factors help for value...

Empirically, co-skewness of asset returns seems to explain a substantial part of the cross-sectional variation of mean return not explained by beta. Thisfinding is typically interpreted in terms of a risk averse representativeinvestor with a cubic utility function. This comment questions...

We analyze if the value-weighted stock market portfolio is second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) efficient relative to benchmark portfolios formed on size, value, and momentum. In the process, we also develop several methodological improvements to the existing tests for SSD efficiency....

This study conducts a classroom experiment and an online experiment to examine individual decision-making under risk. Like Levy and Levy (2002), the experiment uses pairs of mixed gambles with moderate probabilities to avoid the framing effect and certainty affect that may affect non-mixed...

This paper shows that low-risk stocks significantly outperform high-risk stocks in the local China A shares market. The main driver of this low-risk anomaly is volatility, and not beta. A Fama-French style VOL factor is not explained by the Fama-French-Carhart factors, and has the strongest...