CSR has become a strategic decision for organizations. The capacity to invest in several distinct CSR categories at varying levels (e.g., environmental innovation, diversity, community) leaves firms with a multitude of patterns from which to choose. However, the question of whether market...

When there are constantly new, valuable opportunities to transact with alternative partners — a situation we refer to as exchange value uncertainty — long-term or committed transactions among the same individuals are discouraged. But when opportunism creates exchange hazards, which escalate in...

There is growing interest in how governments shape industries and influence firm performance. Using a database of 296 firms traded on the São Paulo stock exchange between 1995 and 2003, we find having BNDES (the Brazilian National Development Bank) as a minority owner to increase firms' return...

We study if CEOs and their backgrounds matter for the performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) exploiting the fact that these companies had different CEOs (with different backgrounds) in different moments in time. We construct a database of Brazilian SOEs between 1973 and 1993 and make...