Green financial sector initiatives, including financial policies, regulations, and instruments, could play an important role in the low-carbon transition by supporting countries in the implementation of economic policies aimed to decarbonize their economy. Thus, it is fundamental to understand...

Current approaches to manage the COVID-19 pandemic have a narrow focus on public health and on the short-term economic and financial repercussions. This prevents us to look at how pandemic risk interplays with sustainable and inclusive development goals in the next decade. To fill this gap, we...

Climate change has been recently recognised as a new source of risk for the financial system. Several financial supervisors with a financial stability mandate have recently recommended that investors and financial institutions need to assess their exposure to climate-related financial risks and...

Aligning finance to sustainability requires methodologies to price forward-looking climate risks and opportunities in financial contracts and in investors' portfolios. Traditional approaches to financial pricing models cannot incorporate the nature of climate risk (i.e. deep uncertainty,...

Market-based solutions to climate change are widely advocated by financial actors and policy-makers in order to foster a smooth transition to a low-carbon economy. A first important limiting factor to this approach is widely recognized to be the imperfect information on investors' portfolios'...

The role of development finance institutions in low-income and emerging countries is fundamental to provide long-term capital for investments in climate mitigation and adaptation. Nevertheless, development finance institutions still lack sound and transparent metrics to assess the exposure of...

In this paper we analyze whether and how a central bank can pursue the objective to lower its exposure to climate-related financial risks in its asset purchase programs while meeting the criteria that define the eligible universe of assets, including market neutrality. Despite focusing on the...

Climate risk brings about a new type of financial risk that standard approaches to risk management are not adequate to handle. Amidst the growing concern about climate change, financial supervisors and risk managers are concerned with the risk of a disorderly low-carbon transition. We develop a...

The IPCC Special Report finds that current policies are not sufficient to limit global warming to well below 1.5°C, and that the gap between the actions on the ground and the required changes in order to meet the global goal is widening rapidly. One reason is that scientific assessments based...