The rise of large emerging economies such as Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa – or the ‘BRICS’ – increasingly dominates global energy demand. Whereas these countries experience a steady growth of their middle class and increase their population’s access to energy, other parts...

In 2010, relations between the European Union (EU) and China reached their 35-year anniversary. Although initially centred primarily on economic cooperation, China's rapid industrialisation meant that over time this development placed increasing pressure on the environment. Keen to sustain this...

Energy relations between the European Union (EU) and Russia have come under increasing strain in recent years, not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of natural gas to the EU. Tensions are further compounded by Russia's recent withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty and the...

In recent years, Central Asia has increasingly come under the focus of the European Union (EU). This development occurred not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of Russian natural gas to the EU. The negative effects these supply cuts had on Gazprom's perceived reliability as a...

In recent years, Central Asia has increasingly come under the focus of the European Union (EU). This development occurred not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of Russian natural gas to the EU. The negative effects these supply cuts had on Gazprom's perceived reliability as a...

Energy relations between the European Union (EU) and Russia have come under increasing strain in recent years, not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of natural gas to the EU. Tensions are further compounded by Russia's recent withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty and the...

In recent years, better delivery in development has been at the center of development discourse. There is now wide agreement that today’s development challenges demand effective solutions that fully integrate the aspirations, voices, needs, and support of citizens. But how can the...

The international financial crisis which broke out in 2008 has had a major impact on fiscal sustainability of countries all over the world. Countries have responded with varying measures. Moreover, in the aftermath of the global financial crisis, international initiatives regarding tax...

The European Union has a unique ‘sui generis’ status on the international plane, which is reflected in its capability to enter into diplomatic relations with third States and international organizations. Over nearly six decades the EU has gradually built its own worldwide bilateral and...

This is the introduction to a book that explores the consequences of European integration for the application of public international law in the European Union and its Member States. As a consequence of the combination of expansion of the regulatory domain of international law and the increasing...