This paper uses a new approach to measuring financial openness, highlighting interconnectedness in a network of financial flows. Applying an adapted version of eigenvector centrality, often used in network analysis, the new measure captures multidimensional and high-degree financial relations...

Using a novel data set with bank-sector-level annual loan data from 137 commercial banks in China from 2004 to 2021 and a quantified industrial policy data set based on text analysis, this paper explores the effects of industrial policy on bank credit provision. While the paper finds no...

Nearly 200 million children are engaged in child labor, many in developing countries that are part of the supply base of global manufacturing networks. This paper models a multinational firm in a developed country selling the product made by a supplier in a developing country. The firm can...

International organizations such as the United Nations, the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and the International Monetary Fund routinely organize cross-learning programs on specific topics for their member governments. Likewise, many national governments...

A lot of research has been undertaken on the relationship between exchange rate fluctuation and export. On this basis, this paper considers the moderating effect of financial marketization on the relationship between them, and shifts the research perspective to the provincial level. Using...

Managing capital flows and liquidity demand has been a central issue for emerging-market countries. In an era of global imbalances, rapid accumulation of foreign exchange reserves by surplus countries is also an issue for the international system. In a well-functioning international financial...

Managing capital flows and liquidity demand has been a central issue for emerging-market countries. In an era of global imbalances, rapid accumulation of foreign exchange reserves by surplus countries is also an issue for the international system. In a well-functioning international financial...