Households' preferences for attributes of flexible energy demand are not well understood. This paper evaluates Finnish households' acceptance of hypothetical contracts and services aimed at increasing demand side flexibility. We conduct a Choice Experiment to analyze households' willingness to...

We compare the welfare effects of different regulation schemes of electricity distribution utilities. The compared regulation schemes are fixed price regulation, cost of service regulation, menu of cost-contingent contracts and simple menus of contracts. In our calculations we utilize the...

In this study we combine different possibilities to model firm level heterogeneity in Stochastic Frontier Analysis. We show that both observed and unobserved heterogeneity cause serious biases in inefficiency results if left unmodelled. Modelling observed and unobserved heterogeneity treats...

Emissions trading systems for non-renewable and Feed-In Tariffs for renewable energy sources are currently widely in use. This study investigates how renewable targets for the Nordic power market might be achieved at the lowest possible costs. The instruments investigated are Feed-In Tariffs...

We build a simple model to study service fee competition between an incumbent and an independent ATM deployer, and its optimal regulation. We use the model to analyze an actual regulation of such a market by competition authorities in Finland. We find that socially optimal first-best fees would...

To examine the relationship between early health status and financial decisions in adulthood, we link information on birth weight in 1966 from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort to data from the Finnish Central Securities Depository over the period of 1995-2010. We find that persons predisposed...