The stressed probability of default and rating migration are important for the banks to assess the adequacy of credit reserve and credit capital under the stress market condition. Credit reserves are designed to cover the expected loss which can be estimated by the through-the-cycle probability...

The estimation of future loan losses is not only important for financial institutions to effectively control the credit risk of commercial loan portfolio, but also an essential component in the capital plan submitted for regulatory approval in the annual CCAR and DFAST stress testing. Under the...

Michael Pykhtin and Steven Zhu offer a blueprint for modelling credit exposure and pricing counter-party risk. They focus on two main issues: modelling credit exposure and pricing counter-party risk. In the part devoted to credit exposure, we will define credit exposure at contract and...

Credit exposure is the amount a bank can potentially lose in the event that one of its counterparties default. The measurement of exposure on derivative contracts is very important because it is used not only to set up the trading limits but also as an essential input to the bank's economic and...

We described the treatment of counterparty credit risk of OTC derivatives under Basel II. According to this framework, minimum capital requirements for counterparty credit risk are to be calculated according to the corporate loan rules applied to the appropriate exposure at default (EAD)...

We examine the relation between the probability of future stock price crash and investors’ investment horizons. Using negative skewness as a proxy for firm-specific crash risk, we document a positive association between institutional ownership and stock price crash risk. The relation is,...

A restriction to nonnegative wealth is sufficient to preclude all arbitrage opportunities in financial models that have risk neutral probabilities that are valid for all simple strategies. Imposing nonnegative wealth does not constrain agents from making the choice they would make under the...

The paper generalizes and refines the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing of Dalang, Morton and Willinger in the following two respects: (a) the result is extended to a model with portfolio constraints; (b) versions of the no-arbitrage criterion based on the bang-bang principle in control...

The paper generalizes and refines the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing of Dalang, Morton and Willinger in the following two respects: (a) the result is extended to a model with portfolio constraints; (b) versions of the no-arbitrage criterion based on the bang-bang principle in control...

In the recent work of Dempster, Evstigneev and Taksar (2006) it has been shown that the von Neumann-Gale model of economic dynamics can serve as a convenient and natural framework for the analysis of questions of asset pricing and hedging under transaction costs. The present article focuses on a...