Justifications for the welfare state in general, and for social protection in particular, have come from three sources: market failures, specifically the inability of commercial and community-based insurance mechanisms to provide cover against all forms of risk; doctrines of human rights,...

International development has been an active research field for almost fifty years. Most authors agree on the overall failure of development assistance projects (DAP), even though some results may be encouraging. The high failure rate of these projects requires reflection. Far from opposing a...