This paper proposes a new metric to gauge investor sentiment using a relative valuation method. We combine investor behavioral finance traits and option-implied standard deviations under both the real-world probability (P) valued most in the view of uninformed investors and the risk-neutral...

Capital inflows have a strong presence that influences destination countries’ development of institutions, which can in turn help resuscitate a stopped economy and re-attract capital that was lost during crises such as the recent public health crisis. While the previous literature emphasizes...

Traditionally, the relationship between a firm's performance and its business strategy is studied using structured data taken from proxy statements and financial reports. However, there have been increasing efforts to explore the linkages between corporate outcomes and unstructured information,...