We investigate the effect of shareholder litigation risk on corporate culture. We measure corporate culture by a novel machine learning metric following Li et al. (2021). Exploiting exogenous declines in shareholder litigation rights and derivative lawsuit risk following the staggered adoption...

Underlying idiosyncratic and illiquidity risks are suppressed in infrequently reported indexes of house prices and rents. Idiosyncratic risks result from bid-ask spreads for prices and rents. Time series autocovariances generate a distribution of prices and rents. Capital gains and rent-price...

Underlying idiosyncratic and illiquidity risks are suppressed in infrequently reported indexes of house prices and rents. Idiosyncratic risks result from bid-ask spreads for prices and rents. Time series autocovariances generate a distribution of prices and rents. Capital gains and rent-price...

We develop a model of a cooperative power game between a chief executive officer (CEO) and labor over a proposed corporate outsourcing, and test the model’s predictions concerning the decision to outsource, division of profits, and post-outsourcing firm performance using a sample of...

Intuitively, option-like compensation contracts induce risk-shifting behavior, confirmed by numerous empirical studies. However, theoretical work has shown that risk shifting should not happen without a definite expiration date of the option. With a sample of Commodity Trading Advisors (CTAs),...

Using a survey based on 1,965 enterprise initiations in China, we provide causal evidence that businesses launched in credit-ease years are 7.29% more likely to fail. The result is unlikely to be driven by the “imprinting effect” or the “cohort effect”. Nevertheless, we find the effect...

In this paper, we investigate earnings management surrounding forced CEO turnover for U.S. property-casualty insurance companies with differing organizational forms. We analyze the three principal organizational form types in the industry – publicly-traded stocks, closely-held stocks, and...

During the 2010s, the number of community banks in the United States declined by almost one-third, a trend that has worried many stakeholders including communities losing their primary bank, regulators, and the industry itself. This paper provides evidence that the disappearance of community...

Little is known about the effects of accounting regulation on private insurers. In this paper, we examine the uniqueness of the tax deductibility of insurers’ loss accruals. We find that private insurers’ overstatement of loss accruals in tax planning significantly decreases after adoption...

This research analyzes the performance of the Risk-Based Capital (RBC) ratio and other variables in predicting insolvencies in the property-liability insurance industry during the period 1994 to 2008. This research contributes to the literature by analyzing a longer period of time than previous...