In recent years, the nexus between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors and financial performance has been a focal point of academic discourse. While much of the existing literature emphasizes the potential positive correlations between ESG performance and financial gains,...

An emerging stream of research documents that experience of traumatic events early in a CEO's life influences the firm's investment and financing choices. We extend this research by examining the impact of CEO early-life natural disaster experience on stock price crash risk. Using a longitudinal...

This article develops the Two-Country HANK model to analyze the impact of tariffs on economic variables and wealth distribution from both macro and micro perspectives.In the \textbf{micro} analysis, differences in consumption, investment, and labor decisions between the poor and the rich,...

Nitrogen-doped electrode materials have a good promoting effect on the adsorption of vanadium ions and electron transfer in vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). In this work, a nitrogen-doped carbon nano-network wrapped graphite felt electrode is prepared through a simple and clean...

Harmony search algorithm (HS) cannot always avoid being trapped in local optima, and several local search algorithms have recently been used to overcome this limitation by searching the neighborhood of some solution for improved ones. However, how local search affects the performance of HS has...