We examine whether auditor style is associated with non-GAAP disclosures. Specifically, we find that clients audited by the same auditor are more likely to disclose non-GAAP earnings in a similar manner. We assess disclosure similarity using (1) the decision to disclose non-GAAP earnings, (2)...

We examine how SEC comment letters asking firms to remove full non-GAAP income statements affect those firms' information environments. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find that the informativeness of non-GAAP earnings and earnings announcements decreases, information asymmetry...

We use the BP, PLC oil spill to provide new evidence regarding the consequences of and motivations for environmental disclosures. We find that among oil and gas firms drilling in U.S. waters, those with greater environmental disclosure suffered smaller negative shareholder wealth effects...

We investigate Regulation FD's (FD) effect on management earnings forecast properties. We posit FD's prohibition on private manager-analyst communication reduces (increases) optimism (pessimism) in management earnings forecasts. Prior to FD, managers could avoid publicly retracting prior...

We document that the effect of Regulation Fair Disclosure (FD) on public management earnings forecasts (MFs) is asymmetric. Our results suggest FD increased managers' use of MFs as a downward guidance mechanism to help achieve meeting or beating earnings expectations. This effect is more...

Rules implemented by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in 2003 impose additional disclosure and filing requirements on firms publicly disclosing non-GAAP earnings. We find the regulations produced (1) modest declines in the frequency of special- and other-item exclusions, (2) a decline...

We compare the value and credit relevance of financial statements under fair-value and smoothing (SFAS-87) models of pension accounting. The fair-value model does not improve the value relevance of the balance sheet and may impair that of income and the combined financial statements, unless...

While conditional conservatism is useful to investors and creditors for various reasons, it potentially reduces the usefulness of GAAP earnings for valuation by investors. Consistent with this conjecture, we find evidence suggesting that conditional conservatism reduces GAAP earnings...

We examine the association between I/B/E/S's disclosure of non-GAAP earnings and investor uncertainty around earnings announcements. On one hand, investor uncertainty may decrease with I/B/E/S's non-GAAP disclosure because these disclosures make investors aware of alternative performance...