have been cited as a contributing factor. To explore whether religion itself is associated with differences in sanitation …-representative data sets from India. Across all three data sets, the unconditional religion-specific gap in latrine ownership and latrine …. Further, the estimates do not show evidence of religion-specific differences in other sanitation practices, such as …

, with religion seen as a potential barrier. We investigate the role of ethnic enclaves and churches for the assimilation of …