This book is about the design of European research policy. It tells the story of how the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Development came to be and looks at its expected impacts. With its detailed analysis of the factors and actors, political constraints and opportunities, societal...

This innovative book focuses on the most important concept underpinning current European Union research policy. It describes the history and concept of the European Research Area (ERA), analyses some of the underlying assumptions, assesses some of its achievements, and takes a brief look at its...

In this study, we analyze the costs incurred by French commercial banks and savings institutions. One of the main distinctions between these two types of financial entities concerns management costs, which are higher for commercial bank demand deposits than for the savings institutions' tax-free...