As trade protectionism has been reduced through multilateral agreements, concerns have been raised about competitiveness effects of cross-country differences in environmental and labor standards. Costs associated with decreased competitiveness are distributed across consumers and the various...

This study presents results of cost estimation and efficiency analyses of various size categories of agricultural and nonagricultural commercial banks using the Fourier Flexible (FF) function model. The traditional cost estimation model is expanded in this study with the inclusion of loan...

Purpose – The late 2000s Great Recession led to a surge of bank failures in the USA with nearly 300 banks failing from 2009 to 2010. Recalling the farm crises of the 1980s where the farm sector was pinpointed as one of the major precursors of such crises, this study is an attempt to validate...

Purpose – The late 2000s Great Recession led to a surge of bank failures in the USA with nearly 300 banks failing from 2009 to 2010. Recalling the farm crises of the 1980s where the farm sector was pinpointed as one of the major precursors of such crises, this study is an attempt to validate...

This study provides a different perspective in revisiting the racial and gender discrimination issue at the Farm Service Agency (FSA). Employing the Oaxaca--Blinder decomposition method, this study analyses disparities in approved loan amounts among racial and gender classes of borrowers. This...

The study encompasses an analysis of the variation in speeds of profitability adjustment and accounting bias by developed country and firm size for two important agribusiness industries. Evidence of speeds of profitability adjustment and accounting bias varying by firm size was found in the...