Trade policy barriers are only one element of overall trade costs. Among these, and due to the decrease in the influence of tariff barriers on trade over time, institutional barriers might increase in relative importance and become a key obstacle to the movements of goods across countries. This...

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es estudiar el efecto de las tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones (TIC) sobre el comercio y el desarrollo económico para el caso de España. Las TIC afectan al desarrollo económico directa e indirectamente, y es en el efecto...

The objective of this paper is to analyze the external sector on Cuban tobacco from the export demand perspective towards the euro area. A tobacco-specific exchange rate is built to better capture the distinctions of this sector when competing overseas. We apply cointegration in the...

The present research shows how one can deal with stationary plus trend trade balance variables in a trade model whenever the rest of the variables contain a unit root. Data are used in a monthly and a quarterly basis from January 1980 to June 2011 and applied to four countries (Germany, France,...