Cause related marketing (CrM) has become one of the most dynamic marketing tools. CrM allows companies to signal their overall business culture regarding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) at the point of sale. More recently retail chains in Germany have started to use CrM as a strategy to...

Based on autoregressive (AR) models and Arellano-Bond dynamic panel estimation, this article analyses profit persistence in the European dairy processing industry. The sample comprises 590 dairy processors from the following five countries: Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom....

type="main" xml:id="jage12061-abs-0001" <title type="main">Abstract</title> <p>This paper decomposes the variance in EU food industry return-on-assets into year, country, industry and firm effects using a hierarchical linear model (HLM). The HLM approach accounts for some of the methodological drawbacks of conventional...</p>

The role of inter-enterprise relationships in European pig meat, beef and cereals chains is analysed. Using survey data from 1,442 farmers, processors and retailers in six countries, the empirical relevance of several factors potentially influencing the choice of contract types and the...