The nonlinear testing and modeling of economic and financial time series has increased substantially in recent years, enabling us to better understand market and price behavior, risk and the formation of expectations. Such tests have also been applied to commodity market behavior, providing...

This survey attempts to provide an overview of the major issues concerning economic interactions between environmental and trade policies. Such a review is necessary because of the pressure that the accelerated pace of globalisation is placing on environment and trade. Not only is world trade...

Econometric methods provide an approach for modeling supply processes where time delays, lags, and capital formation are important Supply models of this type can be statistical or econometric, the latter involving distributed lag.

Process models represent a particular class of engineering-economic models. Their purpose is to analyze commodity and transformation processes and the economic structures that control and influence these procedures. The theory of these models is introduced, followed by an example from the...

Conventional linear programming modeling approaches for several decades now have been extended to include variants of basic nonlinear programming algorithms. Considered here are elementary spatial programming, quadratic programming, mixed integer programming, and linear complementarity...

Conclusions can be drawn from this review suggesting likely future developments in this modeling area. The objective of this chapter has been to survey the important steps and methods employed in supply modeling, and to provide some suggestions for improving the credibility and utility of the...

This section addresses the important issue of how business managers and government planners can gain confidence in using engineering-economic models as part of the decision making and planning process. Purposes and methods of model evaluation are discussed from the viewpoint of the modeling...

This chapter provides a survey of the variety of methods that can be applied to construct supply models. These methods consist principally of econometric models, flow models, capacity extension models, dynamic programming models, multi-objective programming models, and special programming...