In the former planned economies, a major result of the economic reform programs has been the resurgence of private entrepreneurship. As these countries have struggled to make the transition to a market-based economy over the past decade, the environment has played an important structural role in...

Over the years, much attention has been devoted to the functional aspects of leadership. In light of the continuing crises facing transforming former communist countries to some form of capitalism, a better understanding and analysis of the so-called "dark-side" of leadership now seems...

This article presents a social cognitive model that identifies, defines and relates key comprehensive factors that impact on business ethical standards and conduct across cultures. In particular, national cultures serve as the social foundation for generating and shaping in a triadically...

Purpose: Psychological Capital (PsyCap), consisting of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism, is a positive state associated with attitudes, behaviors and performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a dynamic mediational model posing work engagement as the mediator of the...

Through the years, positive feedback has been accepted as an effective method of improving employee performance. However, recent research reviews question across individual consistency of this effect. This inconsistency may arise from the interaction of feedback type (positive and negative) with...

All aspects of the expanding service sector, including its growth, importance, status and role, are examined. Moments of truth, called here MOTs, are identified as crucial in the successful running of service companies, and a behavioral approach is suggested as an excellent method of getting...